1861
Headquarters Ninth Regiment Michigan
FORT WAYNE October 1, 1861,
THE following little pamphlet has been hastily
arranged for the use of'
the officers and soldiers of the Ninth Regiment of Michigan
Infantry, and is intended as a Field Book of ready reference upon
the most common and every day duties of the officer and soldier.
If it will enable them to acquire a knowledge of their duties at a
less expenditure of time and study, than has been incurred by their
brethren already in the field, the labor necessary to its
compilation will not be regretted by
Their Friend and Fellow Soldier,
WM. W. DUFFIELD.
CAMP
AND GARRISON DUTY.
The calls most common in camp are as follows:
1. REVEILLE. This. the signal which awakens the
soldier at day break.
2. PEAS ON A TRENCHER. This is the signal for breakfast.
3. FIRST SERGEANT'S
CALL. This is the signal which brings the First Sergeant of each
company to the Adjutant's quarters, it is issued for bringing in the
morning reports, to notify the First Sergeants of the issue of
rations, or any detail necessary to be attended to by them in camp.
4. SICK CALL, sometimes called Surgeon's call, is
the signal for bringing invalids to the hospital.
5. TROOP. Is the signal for guard mounting.
6. ROAST BEEF. Is the signal for dinner.
7. ADJUTANT'S CALL. (The first part of the Troop,) is the signal for
the Adjutant to come for orders. It is also the signal for
assembling companies for dress parade on the battalion parade
ground.
8. RETREAT. This is usual at sunset, and is the, signal for firing
the sun down gun.
9. TATTOO. This is the signal for retiring to quarters.
10. TAPS. This is the signal for extinguishing
lights. Upon the drum it is a seven stroke roll, and nine
taps; upon the bugle it is No. 12 of U. S. Infantry Tactics of 1861.
11. ASSEMBLY. This is the signal for the
companies to assemble on their company parades.
12. TO THE COLOR
This
signal forms the battalion. It usually succeeds the assembly.
13. THE DRUMMER'S CALL. This signal brings the drummers
together for beating the stated calls.
These calls for the fife and drum can be found at the close of the
first volume of Scott's Infantry Tactics; for the bugle in U. S.
Infantry Tactics of 1861, pp. 194-214.
There are three daily roll calls in each company, under the
superintendence of one of its commissioned officers. The first
follows immediately after reveille, the second after retreat, or
evening parade, and the third immediately after tattoo. Absentees
from either roll call, unless excused are usually subjected to extra
tours of guard, or police duty.
Immediately after reveille roll Call, the tents and quarters
are put in order by the men in each company, under the
superintendence of the chiefs of squads. The guard-house or tent is
put in order by the guard, or when sufficiently numerous, by the
prisoners.
The reports of each company, signed by its Captain
and First Sergeant, will be handed into the Adjutant daily, at the First
Sergeant's call,
and consolidated by the Adjutant for the Colonel's information.
At the sick call, (or Surgeon's call,) the sick then in the
companies are conducted to the hospital by one of the Sergeant's,
(the First when practicable.) who will each hand to the Surgeon, in
his company book, a list of all the sick of the company, on which
the Surgeon will state who are to remain in, or go into hospital;
who are to return to quarters as sick or convalescent; what duties
the convalescent in quarters are capable of; what cases are feigned,
and any other information in regard to the sick of the company he
may have to communicate to the company commander.
GUARD
MOUNTING.
Camp
and garrison guards are relieved every twenty-four hours. The first
call for guard mounting is usually the assembly. It precedes the
second call, which is the troop, fifteen minutes. At the first call,
the men warned for duty turn out on their company parades for
inspection by the First Sergeant of each company. At the second
call, they repair to the regimental parade, conducted by the First
Sergeant. Each detachment as it arrives will, under the
direction of the Adjutant, take post on the left of the one that
preceded it, in open order, arms shouldered, and bayonets fixed, the
First Sergeants in rear of the men of their respective companies.
The Sergeant-Major will dress the ranks, count the files, verify the
details, and when the guard is formed, report to the Adjutant, and
take post two paces on the left of the front rank.
The Adjutant then command Front,
when the officer of the guard takes post twelve paces, in front of
the centre; the Sergeants of the guard (but not the First Sergeants)
in one rank, four paces to the real of the officer, and the
Corporals in one rank, four paces in rear of the Sergeants, all
facing to the front. The music is formed in two ranks on the right
of the line. If there is a junior officer of the guard, he takes
post twelve paces in front of the centre of the fourth section, as
if he were a First Lieutenant. The Adjutant then assigns their
places in the guard. This is usually done by supposing the guard to
constitute a company, of which the officer of the guard is Captain,
the junior officer (if there be one) is First Lieutenant, and the
Sergeants. First, Second and Third, according to seniority.
Thus the officer of the guard will be assigned to the command of the
first platoon, the junior officer to the command of the second
platoon, the senior Sergeant will be guide of the first platoon, and
the next in rank the guide of the second platoon, etc.
The Adjutant will then command,
1.
OFFICERS and non-commissioned officers. 2. About --FACE !
Inspect your guards --MARCH !
At the second command the officers, Sergeants and
Corporals, face about; at the third command they take the posts
assigned them, except the officer of the guard, who stands fast,
after having faced about, and commands,
1.
Order --ARMS! 2.. Inspection-ARMS!
And
inspects his guard. When there is a junior officer of the guard, he
inspects the rear rank, and when there is no commissioned officer on
the guard, the Adjutant will inspect it. During inspection the band
will play.
The inspection ended, the officer of the guard takes post four paces
in front of the front rank of the guard opposite his post on the
right. The junior officer will take post four paces in front of the
front rank, opposite the centre of the fourth section. The officers
of the day will, at the same time, tale post in front of the centre
of the guard. The old officer of the day three paces on the right of
the new officer of the day, and one pace retired.
The Adjutant will now command,
1.
Parade-REST ! 2. Troop -- BEAT OFF!
When
the music beginning on the right will beat down the line in front of
the officer of the guard to the left. and back to its place on the
right, where it will cease to play. The Adjutant now commands,
1.
Attention. 2. Shoulder-ARMS! 3. Close Order- MARCH!
At
the Words " close order," the officers will face about; at
" march " resume their posts in line. The Adjutant then
commands,
Presents-ARMS
!
He
will then face to the officer of the day, salute, and report, "Sir,
the guard is formed."
If the Adjutant is of higher rank than the officer of the day, he
will report without saluting, either then, or when marching in
review. The new officer of the day, after acknowledging the salute,
will direct the Adjutant to march the guard in review, or by a flank
to its post.
If in review, the Adjutant will then face about and command,
1.
By platoon, right wheel. 2. MARCH! 3. Pass in review. 4. Column
foreward. 5. Guide right. 6. MARCH!
The
guard marches in review past the officer of the day, officers
saluting, and conducted by the Adjutant, who marches on the left of
the first platoon, the Sergeant Major on the left of the last
platoon.
When the column passes the officer of the day, the Adjutant,
Sergeant-Major, and First Sergeants, retire, and the officer of the
guard marches it to its post. The music marches at, the head of, the
column until it arrives opposite the officer of the day, where it
wheels out of the column, and takes post opposite the officer of the
day. When the real of the column has passed, the music will cease.
The old officer of the day will then salute the new officer of the
day, and transmit to him the orders arid the instructions he may
have received, and under which he has been acting as officer of the
day, during his tour of service the day previous.
The old officer of' the guard, on the approach of the new guard,
forms his old guard in line, and taking post on its right commands,
Present-ARMS!
The new guard marches past the old in quick time, at shouldered
arms, officers saluting and takes post four paces on its right,
where, having form ed on the same line with it, the new officer of
the guard will command,
Present-ARMS
!
The
two officers will then approach each other and salute. They will
then return to their respective guards, and both command,
1.
Shoulder-ARMS! 2. Order --ARMS!
The
new officer of the guard having ascertained from the old the number
of posts, -will divide his guard into three reliefs, make out the
list of his guard, and will proceed to take possession of the
guard-house or guard tent, and the articles and-prisoners in charge
of the guard, and while the sentinels are being relieved, the old
officer of the guard will give to the new all formation and
instructions he may have received during his tour of service.
The first relief is designated and marched two paces to the front.
It is then numbered, the numbers beginning with the right front rank
man, who is number one, the right rear-rank man being number two.
the front rank man of the second file from the right being number
three, and so on alternately from front to rear and right to left. A
Corporal of the new guard will then take charge of the first relief,
and proceed to relieve the sentinels of the old guard still on post,
accompanied by a Corporal of the old guard, who will take command of
the old sentinels when the old are relieved.
If the relief consists of more than twelve sentinels it will be
commanded by a Sergeant, if of twelve or less sentinels, by a
corporal.
The relief will march by a flank in two , with arms constantly
at the support. The first relief being numbered, the Corporal in
charge of it will command,
1.
Without Doubling, Right-FACE! 2. Support-ARMS! 3. Forward. 4. MARCH!
While
on the march should an officer approach, the Corporal will command
shoulder arms, and bring his relief again to support arms when the
officer has passed.
The sentinel at the guard tent will be number one, and will be the
first relieved, the others will be successively relieved in their
numerical order.
When a sentinel sees the relief approach in the day time, he will
halt and face to it with his arms at a shoulder. At six paces from
him, the Corporal will command,
1.
Relief. 2. HALT!
When
the relief will halt and bring its pieces to the shoulder without
further orders. The Corporal will then command, according to the
number of the post,
Number
one, (or two, or three,) Arms-PORT!
Both
old and new sentinels will then take the position of arms
port, and approach
each other; the old sentinel whispering to the new the orders and
instructions he has received relative to his post. The Corporal will
see that such orders are properly communicated by the old sentinel
to the new one. Both sentinels will then shoulder arms, the old
sentinel passing in quick time to his place in rear of the relief;
the new sentinel remaining at his post.
1.
Support-ARMS! 2. Forward 3. MARCH!
And
the relief proceeds in the same manner until the whole is relieved.
When all the sentinels of the old guard have been relieved and
brought in, the old office of the guard will march his guard in
quick time past the new guard, the old guard carrying their pieces
at a shoulder, the Ieow standing at presented arms, both officers
saluting, and the drums of both guards beating.
Before the old guard is dismissed, their pieces will be drawn or
discharged at a target.
When the old guard has marched off fifty paces, the officer of the
new guard will older his men to stack their arms, and will then make
himself acquainted with all the instructions for his post, visit the
sentinels, and question them, as well as the non-commissioned
officers, relative to the instructions they may have received from
other persons of the old guard.
In brigade encampments the officer of the day must be a field
officer, but in regimental encampments there is a daily detail of a
Captain to act as officer of the day, a First Lieutenant to act as
officer of the guard, and a Second Lieutenant to act as officer of
police. The detail of noncommissioned officers and privates for the
guard will be published daily in battalion orders. The Adjutant will
furnish to the Sergeant-Major the detail, and the Sergeant-Major
will furnish to each First Sergeant the number of non-commissioned
officers and privates to be detailed from each company. This will be
given to the First Sergeants on tickets, immediately after evening
dress parade, and the men detailed for the morrow's guard will be
notified by the First Sergeant, on or before tattoo roll call.
The soldier detailed to act as orderly will not be placed on post as
a sentinel, but will report for orders to the Adjutant immediately
after guard mounting, and attend at head-quarters from 8 o'clock
A.M., till. 6 o'clock P.M.
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